Utilizing Evaluation and Development Frameworks to Engineer a College-Wide Evaluation and Reform of an Undergraduate Dental Curriculum.

Purpose: To operationalize and analyze a college-wide evaluation of an undergraduate dental curriculum. Materials and Methods: A descriptive case study design was used with extensive multiple data collection methods that included literature review, document review of existing data, survey questionnaires, focus group semi-structured interviews and observation of clinical and laboratory tasks. This approach was based on Kern's curriculum development model and Fitzpatrick's practical guidelines and evaluation standards. Results: The evaluation outcomes indicated that a significant curricular change is needed. In hindsight, a thorough reflection on the evaluation strategy is provided highlighting several contextual factors. Actionable recommendations and comparisons are also drafted to shape a coherent curriculum reform implementation. Conclusion: The process by which the evaluation was conducted, and the reform implementation is being instituted, while unique to this college, may offer insights for change at other dental colleges. In that, greater emphasis is placed on the general principles that remain applicable to other comparable contexts regardless of the distinctiveness in specificities.

A Cautionary Tale: Exploring Stakeholder Emotions During Curricular Change Using Group Concept Mapping.

PhenomenonCurricular change is essential but challenging. Change efforts often struggle and some fail due to well-articulated challenges as well as other barriers less understood. The curricular change literature characterizes the organizational and operational features of successful change yet virtually ignores stakeholder emotions. A deeper understanding of these emotional responses during the change process could enhance participant and organizational well-being and support change success. Approach In 2019, data were collected at one large North American medical school using group concept mapping methodology, an asynchronous mixed methods approach. We sought to generate themes characterizing the emotional responses of faculty, administrative staff, and students across multiple stakeholder groups participating in the new and traditional (legacy) curricula 27 months after curricular change initiation. Participants brainstormed, sorted, and rated statements on emotional responses. Rating participants rated each statement using a Likert scale from 1 (does not resonate) to 4 (very strongly resonates) according to this prompt: "This emotional response resonates with my emotional experience during the curricular change." Multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to generate emotional profiles and compare them across stakeholders. Findings Of 335 stakeholders invited, 123 contributed to brainstorming (36.7%), 153 completed rating (45.7%) and 33 completed sorting (9.9%). Participants generated six themes of emotional responses to curricular change: enthusiastic, apprehensive, overwhelmed, missed opportunities, uncertain, and abandoned. The enthusiastic theme overall had the highest mean statement ratings while the abandoned theme had the lowest. Demographic subgroup analysis revealed new curriculum students (Class of 2021) were most enthusiastic while legacy curriculum students (Class of 2020) were more likely to feel abandoned. Overall, faculty and administrative staff were more enthusiastic than students whereas students rated the five other themes higher than faculty and administrative staff. InsightsCurricular change is emotionally taxing. Students in both curricula experienced greater uncertainty, apprehension, sense of missed opportunities, and feeling overwhelmed than did faculty and administrative staff. Legacy curriculum students rated statements in the abandoned cluster highest while new curriculum students rated statements in the enthusiastic cluster highest. Given the ubiquity of curricular change which often includes a legacy cohort, medical schools embarking on this journey must carefully attend to the varied emotional responses of their different stakeholder groups. The very activities recommended by organizational change models used in medical education, such as communicating wins early and often, could alienate legacy students, creating emotional polarization. These findings suggest that tailored communication strategies are necessary during change implementation to optimize success.

Unintended Consequences? Assessing the Impact of Curricular Change on Medical Student Participation in a Student-Run Free Clinic.

INTRODUCTION: In a prior qualitative study of the impact of a new (ACE) medical school curriculum, students and faculty reported decreased participation in the student-run free clinic (SRFC) attributed to more intensive scheduling and more frequent testing compared to the previous (Legacy) curriculum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To verify and understand this perception formed during curriculum reform, we conducted a mixed method study to measure student participation in the SRFC before and after curricular change and assessed student beliefs and motivations about SRFC participation using focus groups. RESULTS: Overall SRFC participation did not decrease among students in the ACE cohort following curriculum change. Additionally, both Legacy and ACE groups showed lower participation during test weeks, but the decrease was not significantly different between the ACE and Legacy cohorts. Focus groups confirmed the pervasive misbelief that SRFC participation was indeed lower among ACE students and attributed to reduced student discretionary time plus increased preparation time for frequent testing. Focus groups also revealed several "values" about volunteering at the SRFC which should be endorsed and promoted by schools considering curricular change. Participants valued the SRFC for educational items that were most effectively taught in the SRFC, notably social determinants of health, interprofessional practice, and interviewing with medical interpreters. They also valued the SRFC for professional validation, opportunities to apply course content, practice clinical skills, form important professional relationships, and provide community service. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings validate the value of SRFC experience as reported by students and demonstrate that, contrary to misbeliefs, participation was not negatively impacted by curricular reform.

Experiencias docentes en el cambio curricular vivido en la carrera de enfermería de la FES, Iztacala / Teaching experiences in the curricular change experienced in the nursing career of the FES Iztacala

Introducción: la calidad educativa en las IES (Instituciones de Educación Superior) ha sido avalada por procesos de evaluación y acreditación a nivel institucional y curricular, llevando a cabo un proceso de mejora continua, mediante recomendaciones sugeridas por los evaluadores, lo anterior garantizará la calidad institucional ante la formación de futuros profesionales. Objetivo: analizar las experiencias del profesorado de la carrera de enfermería de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, sobre el cambio curricular vivido. Material y métodos: estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico, mediante entrevista a profundidad a doce profesores de enfermería. Muestreo por conveniencia de acuerdo a la saturación de datos. En aspectos éticos y legales, se realizó carta de consentimiento informado. El análisis de datos fue basado en Miles y Huberman, con abordaje teórico según Van Manen. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías: 1. Sentimientos y afectaciones emocionales respecto al cambio curricular y laborales; 2. impacto del cambio curricular en los aprendizajes de los estudiantes, las cuales evidenciaron cómo el profesorado ha vivido los cambios curriculares en los 17 años desde que fue implementada la licenciatura. Conclusiones: los informantes narraron que en cada cambio curricular surgen emociones diferentes, entre incertidumbre, compromiso, responsabilidad y asumir empoderamiento para implementar la curricula, con ello, lograr los objetivos esperados por la misma, considerando perfil de egreso y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.

Introduction: the educational quality at the higher level in schools and faculties has been endorsed by evaluation and accreditation processes at the institutional and curricular level, carrying out an improvement process, through the recommendations suggested by the evaluators, thus covering them in a certain time. The foregoing will guarantee the institutional quality before the training of future professionals. Objective: to analyze experiences of the teaching staff of the nursing career of the Iztacala Faculty of Higher Studies, on the curricular change experienced. Material and methods: Qualitative study with a phenomenological approach, through an in-depth interview with twelve nursing professors. Convenience sampling according to data saturation. In ethical and legal aspects, an informed consent letter was drawn up. The data analysis was through Miles and Huberman, with a theoretical approach based on Van Manen. Results: two categories emerged: 1. Feelings and emotional affectations regarding the curricular and work change; 2. impact of curricular change on student learning, which showed how teachers have experienced curricular changes in the 17 years since the degree was implemented. Conclusions: the informants narrated that in each curricular change different emotions arise, between uncertainty, commitment, responsibility and assuming empowerment to implement the curriculum, thereby achieving the objectives expected by it, considering the graduation profile and the academic performance of the students.

Barriers and facilitators to implementing a longitudinal dementia education programme into undergraduate healthcare curricula: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: As the numbers of people with dementia worldwide rises, there is a need for improved knowledge and awareness about the condition across the healthcare workforce. There are concerns that traditional models of healthcare education, which focus on short-term episodes of care, limit student understanding of long-term conditions. We therefore designed and delivered the Time for Dementia programme at five Universities in the UK. Through longitudinal contact with families living with dementia, healthcare students gain increased understanding about the experiences of living with dementia. However, implementing new educational models brings challenges. To enable implementation of similar programmes in other educational institutions, this study aimed to identify the common barriers and facilitators of implementing these types of longitudinal programmes at scale. METHODS: To understand the facilitators and barriers of implementing a longitudinal dementia educational programme, a qualitative study was completed. Between October and December 2018, twelve in-depth semi-structured interviews were completed with university teaching staff (n = 6), programme administrators (n = 4), and Alzheimer's Society staff (n = 2) that had key responsibilities for implementing Time for Dementia. Interview questions explored participants experiences, the facilitators, and the challenges encountered when implementing the programme. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: The analysis identified five key themes: "Leadership characteristics", "Organisational and student buy-in", "Perceived value and motivating factors", "Team coalition and support", and "Time and fit". Implementation of the programme was enhanced by resilient leaders managing the challenges of curricular change. Their belief in the value of the programme, stakeholder buy-in, and supportive team working enabled challenges to be overcome. Workload was reduced and student buy-in increased as time progressed and as more resources became available. A flexible approach to implementation was recommended to ensure the programme fits within the established curriculum. CONCLUSION: Curricular change is a challenging task, yet necessary, if we are to improve care for people with long term conditions such as dementia. This study highlights the common barriers and facilitators experienced when implementing a longitudinal educational programme at scale. The findings presented in this study can be used by other educational institutions to manage curricular change efforts.

Becoming a coach: experiences of faculty educators learning to coach medical students.

BACKGROUND: Despite the growth of coaching in medical education, many questions remain about the process of becoming a coach for medical students. We sought to understand the process through which faculty acclimated to this new role, and what benefits and challenges they experienced. METHODS: A multi-phase qualitative focus group study was conducted with 20 faculty at one medical school in the United States during the initial year coaching was implemented. Focus group transcripts were analyzed using the constant comparative approach to inductively identify themes from the data. RESULTS: Four main benefits were reported by faculty: student guidance, identifying student issues early, helping students develop work-life balance, and fostering clinician connectivity, which was seen as benefitting both students and faculty. The two main challenges were uncertainty regarding how adaptive the coaching sessions should be, and difficulty engaging in some of the roles simultaneously, like mentoring and supervision. CONCLUSIONS: Schools that develop academic medical student coaching programs should design faculty support around coaching and recognize that the process of becoming a coach may not be or feel straightforward for faculty. Overall, faculty found coaching to be rewarding despite challenges they experienced.

Leading and Sustaining Curricular Change: Workshop Proceedings from the 2018 Sex and Gender Health Education Summit.

The education of health science professionals must balance the incorporation of new and essential content against the current curriculum density. Scientific evidence documenting the impact of sex and gender on health outcomes establishes the need for incorporation of these topics into the health science curriculum. An interprofessional workshop was designed to provide participants with the knowledge and skills to effectively champion curricular change. Surveys before and after the workshop assessed the participants' perception of curriculum change. Introductory presentations addressed topics of organizational readiness and characteristics of change agents. This was followed by role-play activities in groups of 8 to 10, utilizing two scenarios. The first scenario involved a faculty champion advocating for change to the school curriculum leadership, and the second scenario involved the curriculum leadership advocating for change to the teaching faculty. After the role-play, participants shared the important points discovered by their groups, and the same information was collected by survey. After the workshop, 95% participants reported an increased ability to advocate for the inclusion of sex and gender topics in the curriculum. The most important aspect of the workshop was the providing of resources related to the teaching of sex and gender topics. We conclude that a workshop format balancing didactic information and role-playing scenarios is an effective tool for empowering faculty to introduce changes in health sciences curricula in areas that may be new to faculty or health science school leadership, such as the impact and role of sex and gender on health outcomes.

El laboratorio de práctica profesional, como estrategia educativa, en el marco del cambio curricular / The professional practice laboratory, as a strategy educational, within the framework of curricular change

En vista de la transformación que se está produciendo en la educación universitaria en general y en la educación para profesionales de la salud en particular, el Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano plantea un cambio curricular para la carrera de Medicina. Esto implica, una forma de cambio sociocultural profunda, que afecta los distintos aspectos de la vida institucional. Se propone dejar atrás, el "sistema flexneriano" de enseñanza, proponiendo el sistema Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP), sumado a talleres y laboratorios donde el conocimiento y las habilidades se irán adquiriendo con diferente grado de complejidad en forma espiralada. El Laboratorio de Práctica Profesional (LPP) es el espacio y el ambiente educacional donde ocurre la máxima integración, trabajando sobre todos los conocimientos necesarios para llevar adelante la actividad profesional correspondiente. En el primer módulo, el enfoque fue guiado, fundamentalmente, hacia lo comunicacional persiguiendo como objetivo que el alumno desarrolle habilidades que le permitan establecer una adecuada relación médico-paciente-familia, así como vínculos adecuados con el equipo de trabajo y la comunidad . Se evaluó el taller en sí mismo y a los tutores mediante encuestas a los estudiantes, y estos últimos a su vez fueron evaluados periódicamente por los tutores y al final del módulo con un examen escrito y un examen tipo evaluación clínica objetiva estructurada. Por lo trabajado creemos que el LPP, como estrategia de enseñanza, contribuye a la formación de habilidades complejas; el resultado de las evaluaciones y el feedback rsultan indispensables para establecer un plan de mejoras. (AU)

In view of the transformation that is taking place in university education in general and in education for health professionals in particular, it is that the University Institute of the Italian Hospital proposes a curricular change for the Medicine career. This implies a socio-cultural change that affects the different aspects of institutional life. It is proposed to leave behind the "Flexnerian system", proposing a system based on: Problem Based Learning, in addition to workshops and laboratories where knowledge and skills will be acquired with a different degree of complexity in spiral form. The Professional Practice Laboratory is the space and educational environment where maximum integration occurs, working on all the necessary knowledge to carry out the corresponding professional activity. In the first module the focus was guided, fundamentally, to the communicational pursuing as objective: that the student develops skills that allow him to establish an adequate doctor-patient-family relationship, as well as adequate links, with the work team and the community. The evaluation was carried out to workshop itself and to the tutors through students' quiz. The students were periodically evaluated by the tutors and at the end of the module with a written exam and a structured Objective Clinical Evaluation type test. For what we have worked to this moment, we believe that: The laboratory of professional practice, as a teaching strategy, contributes to the formation of complex skills; being the result of the evaluations and the feedback, fundamental to establish an improvement plan. (AU)

Fundamental Curriculum Change with 1-Year Pre-Clerkship Phase and Effect on Stress Associated with Residency Specialty Selection.

Vanderbilt University School of Medicine recently changed from 2 pre-clerkship years (Traditional curriculum) to a 1.5-year pre-clerkship phase for one class (Hybrid curriculum) to a 1-year pre-clerkship phase (Curriculum 2.0). This study investigated the relationship between shortened pre-clerkship training and stress associated with selecting a residency field. The surveyed graduating medical student population included one cohort from the Traditional and Hybrid curricula, and the first two cohorts from Curriculum 2.0. The authors modeled recollected stress levels using a Zero-Inflated Linear Mixed Model with additional covariate and random effects adjustments. Specialty decision-related stress levels increased in the Hybrid curriculum by 10.208 points [p = 0.0115, 95% CI 2.293, 18.122] on a 0-100 point scale. Curriculum 2.0 students had an insignificant increase in stress of 4.062 points [p = 0.304, 95% CI - 3.690, 11.814] relative to the Traditional curriculum. Time since starting medical school and time when a specialty was chosen were the largest factors associated with stress. While this study only evaluated a single facet of the potential downstream effects of curricular change, these data should inspire confidence for reform efforts as a significant increase in specialty decision-related stress present in Hybrid curriculum resolved in both cohorts of Curriculum 2.0.

Mudança curricular e de métodos pedagógicos: impacto vivenciado por estudantes de medicina / Curricular change and pedagogical methods: impact experienced by students of medicine

As mudanças nas formas de ensinar e aprender com ênfase no papel ativo dos estudantes têm sido observadas no Ensino Superior em geral e, em particular, no Ensino Médico. Apesar de haver um número considerável de trabalhos em torno dessa temática, constata-se uma carência relativa a estudos que valorizem a percepção dos estudantes como os agentes ativos de sua própria formação. Logo, com a finalidade de conhecer e analisar a qualidade das experiências vivenciadas, foi realizado um grupo focal com 6 estudantes concluintes do curso de Medicina de uma Faculdade Privada em Minas Gerais - Brasil no qual foram trabalhadas as suas percepções sobre as mudanças a nível do currículo, do curso e dos métodos pedagógicos dos professores, nomeadamente as alterações ocorridas nas vivências acadêmicas e adaptação. Importante destacar que os estudantes da pesquisa tiveram meios de comparação pela convivência com os colegas do curriculo antigo durante toda a formação. Os resultados mostraram que os estudantes foram capazes de identificar as alterações ocorridas no currículo e nos métodos pedagógicos; que os métodos ativos favoreceram qualitativamente as vivências acadêmicas por estreitar e melhorar as relações interpessoais com colegas de turma e de outras áreas, no trabalho interprofissional, além prepara-los melhor para a relação com o paciente. Quanto às atitudes e comportamentos adaptativos, relataram imaturidade, ansiedade e medo inerentes às novidades implementadas e aos cenários reais de prática no início do curso, demonstrando que os mesmos necessitam de apoios vários no processo de transição e adaptação.

Modifications in the teaching and learning methods, focusing an active role of the students, have been experienced in Higher Education, in general, and especially, in Medical Education. Although there is a reasonable number of studies around this issue, it is recognised a lack of studies that highlight the attitude of students as active agents of their own education. Therefore, aiming to understand and analyse the quality of the experiences, it was carried out a focus group with six senior students of Medicine of a Private University in Minas Gerais – Brazil. Herewith, were worked up students’ perceptions about the modifications in the syllabus, the course and in the teaching methods of the professors, namely the changes occurred in the academic experience and adjustment. Also, important to point out is that the students taking part in the research have had comparison means by getting together with peers from former syllabus during their instruction. Results show that the students were able to identify the changes carried out in the syllabus and in the teaching methods; that the active methods have boosted qualitatively the academic experiences and straitened and enhanced the interpersonal relationships with their peers and from other fields, at interprofessional work, besides preparing them better in their relationship with the patient. Regarding attitudes and adjustment behaviours, they have described immaturity, anxiety and fear resulting from the new things implemented and the real practice sceneries of the instruction proving that they need different support during the adjustment and transition process.

A survey of graduates' perceptions on a Chinese medical school's traditional and reform curricula.

A medical school in China engaged in reform in 2009 by adapting the medical curriculum of the University of Chicago, USA. Freshmen volunteered for the reform and 50 were randomly selected while the rest remained in the traditional curriculum. In 2014 a study was conducted to determine whether the views of traditional and reform curriculum students on their respective educational experience differed and to identify reform areas that needed improvement.A survey was administered to graduating students to gauge their views on basic science and clinical science education, clerkships, general medical education, and readiness for residency training. Frequency distributions, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Chi-squared tests were used for analysis.Reform curriculum students were more positive about their basic science and clinical science instruction. Clerkships were only somewhat satisfactory to students in both curricula. Reform curriculum students were more likely than those following the traditional curriculum to consider instruction in clinical decision-making and patient care as 'adequate'. Instruction in population health was considered inadequate by the majority of students. Reform curriculum students were more confident about their preparedness for residency.The traditional curriculum was in need of reform. Reform has been effectively implemented and has increased student confidence and satisfaction with their education although there is room for improvement.

El curriculum integrado de la Facultad de Medicina proyecto MHO FORTSALUD(2ª parte) / The integrated curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine MHO project FORTSALUD (Part 2)

El presente artículo es una descripción de un importante hito en la historia del desarrollo académico de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Mayor de San Simón (FM-UMSS). Relata un proceso inicial de preparación de condiciones para un cambio curricular que incluye la capacitación del personal docente en una maestría en Educación, información sobre la estructura del denominado Curriculum y los principios que lo sustentan, finalmente, se hacen una breve referencia a las causas que determinaron su anulación luego de dos años de implementación.

This article is a description of an important milestone in the history of academic development of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of San Simón (FM-UMSS). Recounts an initial process of preparing conditions for curricular change that includes training of teachers in a masters in Education, information on the structure of so-called curriculum and the principles that underpin finally a brief reference to the causes that are made determined its cancellation after two years of implementation.

Pharmacology education in North American dental schools: the basic science survey series.

As part of the Basic Science Survey Series (BSSS) for Dentistry, members of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Physiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics Section surveyed course directors of basic pharmacology courses in North American dental schools. The survey was designed to assess, among other things, faculty affiliation and experience of course directors, teaching methods, general course content and emphasis, extent of interdisciplinary (shared) instruction, and impact of recent curricular changes. Responses were received from forty-nine of sixty-seven (73.1 percent) U.S. and Canadian dental schools. The findings suggest the following: 1) substantial variation exists in instructional hours, faculty affiliation, placement within curriculum, class size, and interdisciplinary nature of pharmacology courses; 2) pharmacology course content emphasis is similar among schools; 3) the number of contact hours in pharmacology has remained stable over the past three decades; 4) recent curricular changes were often directed towards enhancing the integrative and clinically relevant aspects of pharmacology instruction; and 5) a trend toward innovative content delivery, such as use of computer-assisted instruction applications, is evident. Data, derived from this study, may be useful to pharmacology course directors, curriculum committees, and other dental educators with an interest in integrative and interprofessional education.

Mudanças curriculares: principais dificuldades na Implementação do PROMED / Curricular changes: difficulties in the implementation of PROMED

O estudo tem como objetivo discutir as dificuldades enfrentadas pelas escolas médicas para implementação de mudanças curriculares no contexto do Programa de Incentivo a Mudanças Curriculares nas Escolas de Medicina - PROMED. Foram realizados entrevistas com dirigentes dos cursos de medicina e com gestores locais do SUS, além de grupos focais com alunos e professores. Os principais fatores dificultadores observados dizem respeito aos docentes, estudantes, instituição de ensino, serviços/gestão do SUS e às condições expressas no Edital PROMED. Em relação aos docentes, observou-se resistência às mudanças propostas, capacitação pedagógica insuficiente e desconhecimento do Projeto Pedagógico de sua instituição. Entre os estudantes, os principais entraves relacionam-se à prática em cenários da Atenção Primária e restrições à formação de médicos com perfil generalista. A inadequação das condições das Unidades Básicas de Saúde como cenário de ensino foi a principal dificuldade relativa aos serviços/gestão. O estudo mostra a diversidade e complexidade dos obstáculos enfrentados pelas escolas médicas para implementar seus projetos de mudança curricular, sendo necessário esforço conjunto de atores e instituições envolvidos para a efetivação das propostas de mudança.

This study aims to discuss the difficulties faced by medical schools in the implementation of curricular changes, within the context of the Incentive Program for Curricular Changes for Medical Schools - PROMED. Interviews were conducted with heads of medicine courses and local SUS managers, as well as focus groups with students and teachers. The main limiting factors are related to teachers, students, educational institutions, SUS services/management and the conditions established in the PROMED Rules. Regarding the teachers, there was resistance to the proposed changes, insufficient teacher training and lack of knowledge about the Pedagogical Project of their own institution. Among students, the main barriers were related to practice in Primary Health Care settings and to restrictions regarding the training of physicians of a generalist profile. The conditions inadequacy of the Basic Health Units, as a teaching scenario, was the main difficulty related to services/management. The study shows the diversity and complexity of the obstacles faced by medical schools in implementing their projects for curricular change. This requires joint efforts of actors and institutions involved in the realization of the proposed change.

Mudança curricular: construção de um novo projeto pedagógico de formação na área da Fonoaudiologia / Cambio curricular: construcción de un nuevo proyecto pedagógico de formación en el área de Fonoaudiología / Curricular change: construction of a new pedagogical training project in the field of Speech Therapy

Analisa-se o primeiro ano de implantação do novo Projeto Pedagógico do curso de Fonoaudiologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP). O objetivo foi analisar não só as mudanças de concepção e práticas pedagógicas, mas a construção de um trabalho coletivo do corpo social do curso. Os resultados apontaram que as novas modalidades pedagógicas (seminários, tutoria, oficinas, vivências formadoras) foram dispositivos importantes para se alcançar as mudanças propostas no novo modelo curricular. Entre outros avanços, destacaram-se: maior integração das disciplinas básicas com as atividades de caráter profissionalizante; melhor compreensão do estudante sobre a importância de uma formação pautada nas necessidades da população; maior articulação entre atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão; interação entre estudantes dos vários níveis de formação nas ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos; planejamento de atividades pedagógicas complementares em função das necessidades dos estudantes detectadas nas avaliações formativas.

The first year of implementation of the new pedagogical project for the Speech Therapy course at the Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP) is analyzed. The aim was not only to analyze the changes in pedagogical concepts and practices, but also to construct collective work by the social body of the course. The results indicated that the new pedagogical activities (seminars, tutorials, workshops and instructive experiences) were important tools for achieving the proposed changes in the new curricular model. Highlighted among other advances were: greater integration between basic disciplines and professionalizing activities; better comprehension by students of the importance of training based on the population's needs; greater linkage between teaching, research and extension activities; interaction among students at various levels of training, regarding health promotion and disease prevention actions; planning of supplementary pedagogical activities according to students needs detected in educational assessments.

Este artículo contempla la análisis del primer año de implantación del nuevo Proyecto Pedagógico del Curso de Fonoaudiología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de São Paulo, Brasil (PUC-SP). El objetivo ha sido el de analizar no sólo los cambios de concepción y prácticas pedagógicas sino también la construcción de un trabajo colectivo del cuerpo social del curso. Los resultados mostraron que las nuevas modalidades pedagógicas han sido dispositivos importantes para alcanzar los cambios propuestos en el nuevo modelo curricular. Entre otros avances se destacan una mayor integración de las disciplinas básicas con las actividades de caracter profesionalizante, mejor comprensión del estudiante sobre la importancia de una formación pautada en las necesidades de la población y mayor articulación entre actividades de enseñanza, investigación y extensión.

La renovación curricular en el programa de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia / Curricular renovations in the medical program at the University of Antioquia, in Medellin, Colombia

En este artículo se hace un análisis de la renovación curricular en el programa de medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia, especialmente entre los años 2000 y 2005, cuyo propósito se enfocaba en pasar de una concepción tradicional y tecnológica del currículo a una tendencia integracionista, centrada en el estudiante, flexible, enfocada en los procesos cognitivos y en lograr la formación de un médico capaz de darles respuesta a las necesidades sociales locales y globales. Se analizan la implementación del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas y de otras estrategias didácticas, el rol del tutor y el debate interno sobre las competencias. El plan de estudios se organizó por áreas problemáticas, mientras que el anterior estaba estructurado a partir de las disciplinas. El programa incluyó nuevos saberes, entre ellos la informática médica, el análisis de la sexualidad humana, la comunicación y fases del ciclo vital no contempladas antes, como la adolescencia y la vejez. Las disciplinas orientadas a la salud y la sociedad se plantearon en forma longitudinal y se consideraron la promoción de la salud, la prevención y atención de la enfermedad, y la rehabilitación como ejes transcurriculares. Sin embargo, continúa el predominio de la mentalidad fragmentadora que separa las disciplinas, falta incrementar los campos de práctica por fuera del ámbito hospitalario, la evaluación es uno de los aspectos críticos y está pendiente la adecuación administrativa. Avanza la gestión curricular como algo que debe ser permanente con la participación amplia de profesores y estudiantes.

In the article, an analysis is made of curricular renovation in the medical program at Universidad de Antioquia, in Medellín, Colombia, especially between 2000 and 2005; its purpose focused on moving from a traditional and technological concept of the curriculum to an integration is tendency,centered on the student, flexible, focused on the cognitive processes and on achieving the training of a physician capable of answering to social, local and global needs. The implementation of Problem Based Learning is analyzed as well as other didactic strategies, the role of the tutor and internal debate on competences. The study plan was organized around problematic areas, while the previous plan was structured starting from disciplines. The program included new areas of knowledge, among them medical information technology, analysis of human sexuality, communication and phases of the vital cycle not previously contemplated, such as adolescence and old age. Disciplines oriented to health and society were posed in a longitudinal manner and health promotion, disease prevention and attention, and rehabilitation were considered

Funding Undergraduate Neuroscience Education: CCLI Yesterday and Today.

For over 20 years, the Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE) at the National Science Foundation (NSF) has been supporting undergraduate curricula in the sciences, including neuroscience. NSF's priorities in undergraduate education, however, have evolved during that period, and the competition for grants has increased. This history and overview of the current Course, Curriculum and Laboratory Improvement program (CCLI) illustrates the changing philosophy of DUE with regard to its curricular programs. It is hoped that understanding the current emphasis on assessing the outcomes of curricular changes and disseminating their results will help interested science faculty write better proposals and compete more effectively for funds.